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PATTERN-MAKING 




MANUFACTURED BY 



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ATLANTIC WORKS, 



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y,, nj Philadelphia, j x#^ 

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WAY e^B SHOPS, B0©K YAllS AHl (SENEEAi WOOD MANUPJi©= 
Till. M.m, 11.1© SJ.MIM© MACHINERY QF ALL KINDS. 



COPYRIGHTED, 






Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1873, by 

Richards, London & Kelley, 
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



GILLIN, M'GUIGAN & WHITE, STEAM - PR I NT., PHI LAD 



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INTRODUCTORY. 



THE success that has attended our efforts to introduce a special class of machines 
for railway car making, together with the progress made in wood manufacture 
b}' 'special' machines both in this country and abroad, has convinced us 
that it is only by especial adaption that a class of machines can give the best and 
most profitable result. 

With this view, it is proposed to introduce a uew set of machinery for 
pattern-making, arranged mainly upon new and original designs, adapted especi- 
ally to the peculiar rec^uirements of pattern shops. 

Hitherto, pattern sliops have, as a rule, been supplied with machines intended 
for, and adapted to joiner work ; in some cases too heavy, in others too light, and 
in nearly all cases, wanting adaptation to the nature of the work. 

The Atlantic Works was founded in 1869 for the manufacture of machines 
especially directed to railway car manufacturing, and Band Sawing Machinery. 
There had been to this time but one class of wood-cutting machines, 
arranged especially for cabinet work and joinery, yet applied to all purposes, 
including heavy work, while in England and elsewhere, wood-working machines 
were, in most cases, adapted to the special requirements of the work to which they 
were to be api:>lied ; machines for working framing being much stronger, and dif- 
ferently constructed from those intended for the lighter kinds of work. 

Designs were prepared without any reference to the precedents furnished 
by other builders. The proportions and fitting were based upon the functions of 
the machines alone; the framing, gearing, shafts, bolts, belts and other details 
were adapted to the strains, and the conditions of their operation, so far as a long 
experience could determine. All " ingenious" complications were avoided, no 
small screws, springs or other details known as " traps," were used. Screws were 
all turned, the heads and threads made to conform t(j a regular system ; bored 
and turned fits were made to standard sizes, and wearing surfaces " scraped" to a 
perfect bearing. Spindles were made of steel, with bearings of brass. Wheels 
and pulleys were fastened with steel keys instead of set screws. Details that 
were subject to wear were case-hardened instead of polished. 

The success that has attended the business and the machines during the five 
years past, has proved that the merits of good fitting and careful designs and 
proportions, are fully appreciated by those who have purchased them. 

The pattern machines, although lighter, and much less expensive than car 
builders machines; will be fitted with all possible care, and it is trusted will find 
favor and approval from the numerous establishments interested in machines of 
this class. 

RICHARDS, LONDON & KELLEY. 



MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



T0 PllOHJISllS. 



Countershafts, pulleys aud hangers, are furnished in all eases where the ar- 
rangement of the Machines require them. 



A set of wrenches, and such belts as run on pulleys fixed in and forming parts 
of the Machine, are furnished, and are included in the prices given. 



All Machines are delivered at the works. Boxing and hauling will be charged 
to the purchaser at cost. 



Pattern machinery being inexpensive, and . sold at a low profit, the terms are 
cash upon delivery at the works. For special Machines arranged to order, one- 
half the price will be required in advance. 4 



This circular is intended to convey all the information requii-ed of the stan- 
dard machines for pattern-making that are illustrated ; the engravings being true 
elevations, can be measured for general dimensions from the scale marked beneath. 
Orders for Machines should refer to the page on which the Machine is shown. 



Car Builders Machinery, Pattern-Makers' Machinery and Band Sawing Ma- 
chinery, being each a separate class, persons sending for circulars or engravings, 
should in all cases, designate the class Machinery of which information is wanted. 



Foreign orders must be accompanied by cash or negotiable bills on New York 
or Philadelphia houses. Special instructions as to shipping, insuring and packing, 
should be given when machines are ordered from abroad. 



Communications and inquiries should be addressed to Richards, London dr Kelley, 
22d and Arch streets, Philadelphia, Penna. 



MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



PATTERNS FOR CASTINGS. 



AMONG the elements that make up the cost of machinery and other works 
in iron, there is no one so indefinite, or that calls for more careful con- 
sideration, than patterns for castings, 

Not only is the cost of patterns an indefinite matter because of the greater 
or less cost at which they may be made, but because of their actual value depending 
upon the number of times that they are used. 

The material, labor, drawings and even general expenses, may with some exact- 
ness, be estimated in ascertaining the cost of machinery, but patterns remain an 
uncertainty. 

Next after the drawings and designs, the preparation of patterns is that pro- 
cess that requires the greatest skill to insure economy. Moulding, forging and 
finishing, are performed under rules and a system that is tolerably constant, 
but pattern-making cannot be governed by rules, nor patterns be constructed upon 
any general system, neither as to the plans of making tliem, nor their cost. 

There is at this time, no branch in wood-work in which machinery is employed 
so little as in pattern-making. A lathe is of course indispensable, and for the 
larger class of patterns, saws and planing machines are commonly used, but in 
most cases, these and other machines used by pattern-makers, are ordinary 
joiners' machines, and not adapted to the purpose in a manner that allows the 
greatest advantages to be derived from them. 

Pattern-making is in many respects, totally different from other kinds of wood- 
work ; there is no duplication, there is indeed, seldom two things alike; the 
work is constantly changing, and the machine processes are also continually 
changed. On planing machines and saws for instance, throughout the whole 
course of a day, perhaps no two operations will be the same, and the machines to 
effect a saving of labor, must be especially arranged to admit of rapid and con- 
tinual adjustment, must operate with accuracy, and be so constructed that they 
require but little care to keep them in order. 

Machines in a pattern-shop must be used in common ; each pattern-maker pre- 
fers to do his own sawing, planing and turning, and Machines that might render 
good service when in charge of a regular operator, soon fail in a pattern-shop. 

The saving that may be effected by the use of machinery in pattern-making, 
is very great if we contrast hand-work with Machines that are properly adapted 
to the work ; not only is the actual saving of labor so great a consideration as to 
make the cost of Machines a small matter in most establishments, but the work- 
men perform relatively much more work when they have Machines to assist them. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



The different operations of sawing, planing, turning, and so on, will be noticed 
in connection with the Machines directed to these purposes, what is explained 
will in this way be more easily understood. 

The machines illustrated and described, have been especially arranged for pat- 
tern shops ; made as light as possible so as to be suitable for upper floors ; and as 
cheaply as possible, to insure their durability and good performance. 

The number and character of Machines that may be profitably employed in a 
pattern-shop, is dependent in a great measure, upon the quantity of work that is 
performed ; sometimes three Machines are as many as are required ; in other 
cases seven or more can be used to advantage. 

When inquiries are addressed to the manufacturers the number of worl<meii 
employed sliould be given, and the nature of the pattern work described, so that 
proper advice and estimates may be furnished. 

In cases where there are many parallel core boxes to prepare, a special Machine 
to bore them is recommended, but the character of sucli a Machine is too special tof 
admit of illustration, and tracings with specifications will be sent upon the receipt;' 
of a list of core boxes and other particulars. f 



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ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



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STANDARD SLITTING SAW BENCH. 



Machines of this kind are so well understood that nothing need be explained 
of their uses. A plain slitting-bench, if not required in the pattern-room of a 
machine shop, is generally indispensable for flask making, and as an adjunct to the 
machine tools for cutting blocks, boxing hiinber and other purposes. 

The Machine illustrated above is constructed with an iron frame planed true 
on top, and provided either with a plain or a bevel gauge, or both as may be 
required, and in either case, may be instantly removed when cross cutting 
is to be done. The gauges adjust to the line of the saw-plate, and are rigidly 
held by a guide planed in across the top of the machine, that offers no obstruc- 
tion to the lumber in passing over it. 

The Machine illustrated, receives saws to 24 inches in diameter. The spindle 
is of steel with brass bearings. A countershaft is included with each machine, 
also, one saw 20 inches in diameter, that may be used either for slitting or cross 
cutting. 

A machine of a larger size to receive saws to 36 inches in diameter, constructed on 
the same plan, is furnished when required. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Speed of the countershaft 
750 revolutions a minute. 



Size of driving pulleys 
12 in. diam. 6 in. face. 



Weight of the Machine, 
1300 lbs. 



MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



BLOCKING AND CROPPING SAW BENCHES, 

FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



During the past ten years, a large number of special Saw benches for accu- 
rate work have gone into use in pattern shops, and have in all cases, met the 
expectation of those who have purchased them. 

The value of these machines, and the saving that they may effect is hot, as 
many suppose, dependent upon the number of different operations that may be 
performed on the machines, but is strictly dependeut upon the facility luith 
which the different operations can be 2)erformed. 

In the first place, a workman will not use a machine to perform any operation, 
when such a machine must first be adjusted and changed, so that the time consumed 
will equal that in which he could have done the same work by hand ; but if a work- 
man can go to a Saw bench and almost instantly cut a piece to size without having 
first to hunt up and adjust some detached part, or change from a slitting to a 
cross cutting saw, he will always prefer to use the machine and save as much 
tipie as possible. 

With this idea in view, the machine illustrated on the opposite page has been 
prepared. One saw can be used in general for cross-cutting and slitting, which, if 
properly filed with the teeth slightly j)ointed, answers for both purposes quite as 
well as two saws, and saves the time and trouble of changing the saws on the 
spindle, or adjusting one saw down and another up. When the machine is to be 
used for a considerable time in slitting or cross cutting, saws regularly fitted for 
the different purposes may be used, but as before said, an experiment with a 
single saw will soon convince any one that it is useless to exchange from one saw 
to another in the ordinary work of a pattern shop. 

Circular Saws for jobbing in pattern shops, require to adjust vertically so as 
to project more or less through the top of the table, not only to cut rebates or 
grooves, but so that the work may be done as much as possible at the periphery 
of tiie saw, that is, as far from the spindle as the thickness of the wood and the 
diameter of the saw will allow. This vertical adjustment should be as near as 
possible at a right angle with the top of the table; otherwise the slitting gauge 
will have to extend past the saw blade and be too long, a serious objection 
that applies to most saw gauges in use. 

The slitting gauge on these Blocking Saws, slides upon the front edge of the 
table, on the plan invented by Professor Willis, more than forty years ago, and 
one of the best that has ever been devised for short gauges, as it avoids all trans- 
verse grooves or slots in the top of the table. The gauges both for cross cutting 
and slitting, can be either removed or adjusted instantly, so that no loss of time 
need occur from different workmen usina; the same machine. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 




Scale, 



BLOCKING AND CROPPING SAW, 

FOR PATTERN SHOPS. 



This machine is arranged on an iron column occupying but little more than two 
feet square upon the floor, and is adapted for both cross cutting and slitting. The 
top is of iron, 30 by 40 inches, planed true, and pivoted on the column so as to be 
thrown back if necessary. Iron gauges for both slitting and cross cutting are 
provided, and so arranged as to be instantly removed or changed. The cross 
cutting gauge adjusts to angles of 30° or less. The slitting gauge is also pivoted 
so as to be set to the line of the saw. The saw spindle is of steel with brass 
bearings, and is adjusted up or down by the wrench seen on top. The machine 
receives saws to 16 inches in diameter, and is provided with a countershaft, pulleys 
hangers, one saw and the necessary wrenches. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Speedof the countershaft, 
800 revolutions a minute. 



Size of the driving pulleys, 
10 in. in diam , 4 in. face. 



10 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN- MAKING. 



BAND SAWING MACHINES. 



Tliese machines have proved to be so valuable in pattern shops, that but few 
establishments of any size are now without them. 

It is sometimes hard to see beforehand the various pui-poses that a Band Saw may 
serve, but when once erected they are continually in use, even when there are a 
^uU set of sawing machines besides. The reason is no doubt the adaptability of 
Band saws and to the fact that various kinds of sawing can be performed 
without changing or adjusting. 

There are various kinds of sawing, such as cutting out ' cants,' for bevel wheel 
patterns and similar curved work that no other machine can perform so rapidly 
or so well as a Band Saw ; there is, besides, a large amount of sawing to be done 
in pattern shops that may be called 'irregular,' where the lumber has to be 
mainly supported by the hands of the operator, that the Band Saw alone will do. 

For the smaller class of pattern shops where but a few men are employed, a 
Band Saw machine can be used for nearly all the sawing that is required, if the 
machines are properly ai-ranged for cutting straight and bevel lines as- well as 
curves. Except for curved or irregular lines, the sawing cannot of course be so 
rapidly nor so accurately performed as upon machines prepared especially for the 
purpose, yet, the saving over hand labor is very great. 

The engraving on the opposite page represents a medium size Band Sawing 
Machine arranged for pattern shops, to be used alone or in connection with other 
machines. Machines of both larger and smaller sizes are furnished, but the one 
siiown ( No. 2,) has met with the most favor for pattern work. The larger sizes 
are fitted with a "Willis" gauge and a. pivoted table, the same as the one in the 
engraving, but the smaller sizes have fixed tables. A special circular relating to 
Band Sawing Machines for sawing lumber and other general purposes is furnished 
upon application. 

With Band Sawing Machines as with others used in pattern shops, the service 
to be derived from them, is dependent upon their adjustability, the convenience 
with which they may be stopped and started, and how quicklj' the guides can be 
set for lumber of various thicknesses, and so on ; details that need attention in 
purchasing a machine for use in pattern-shops. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



11 



PATENTED 

June Tth, 1870, 
June 28th, 1870, 
April 25th, 1871, 
May 9th, 1871. 




BAND SAWING MACHINE, FOR PATTERN SHOPS. 

The frames are cast in one piece, suificiently heavy to prevent any deflection 
of the guides by straining the Saw. 

The shafts are steel, with brass bearings. The pulleys and wheels are fastened 
with steel splines. 

These Machines have wrought iron wheels, 40 in. in diameter, with wooden rims. 

The tension device is arranged with a spring, to compensate for the con- 
traction and expansion of the blade. 

The top wheel is hung on a pivoted bearing, to regulate the path of tlie Saw 
and the back thrust against the guides. 

The table is of iron, planed true and pivoted for bevel sawing. 

Each Machine is fitted with a " Willis" gauge for slitting, pivoted so as to be 
set to the line of the saw. 

The guide-stem is balanced, to prevent accident by its falling, and to secure 
convenience in adjustment. 

Each Machine is furnished with one saw, of any designated width, a set of 
wrenches, belt shifter, scarfing frame, wrought iron tongs, and silver solder for 
joining the blades. For prices, see accompanying list. 



12 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



JIG SAWING MACHINES. 



For all sweep sawing where Band Saws can be employed, they are of course 
to be preferred to Jig Saws, not only because of their more rapid and accurate 
performance of the work, but to avoid the jar, vibration and derangement that is 
common to all reciprocating machinery, especially Jig Saws. This last considera- 
tion applies especially in the case of pattern-shop machinery, which as a rule, 
is placed upon upper floors. 

For perforated sawing however, when a considerable amount of this kind of 
work is to be done, a Jig Saw is indispensable, and most of the larger establish- 
ments require such machines in addition to Band saws and Circular saws. 

To meet this requirement in pattern shops, the machine illustrated on the 
opposite page has been prepared, and is so arranged as to avoid as far as 
possible, the objections that have been pointed out. 

Instead of constructing the framing as light as possible, it is made heavy to 
absorb the vibration, the machine when complete, weighing 750 to 800 pounds. 
The reciprocating parts are made as light as possible to insure durability and 
strength. 

By employing a spring tension for the saw blades, the machine is separated into 
two parts, giving a clear space for turning the lumber, an arrangement that is 
often indispensable in cutting in the middle of large pieces. The top work, 
including adjustable shoes for diagonal braces is sent out ready for erecting. 

The tension springs shown in the engraving do not correspond to tlie manner in 
which they are now made, this part of the machines being in most cases modified 
to suit the speed of the machines or the nature of the work to be performed. 

In erecting Jig sawing machines, there should be as much solidity as possible 
secured in the foundation, and for pattern-making there is no object in driving 
them at the high rate of speed that is attempted in joiner and cabinet shops, 
where the amount of sawing that can be done is the first object considered. In pattern 
shops, adjustability, steadiness and true cutting, are more important than speed, 
and durability and strength to withstand irregular and general use by different 
men, is first to be considered. 

The specifications on the opposite page will explain the general construction 
of the machines manufactured by the advertisers. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



13 





PATTERN MAKERS' JIG SAW. 



The machine is of iron, the top planed true, and pivoted for sawing bevels to 
give the draught on patterns. The crank shaft is of steel with a conical Schiele 
bearing at the front, adjusted by the nuts on the end of the shaft. A friction 
break-treadle is provided, so that the saw may be instantly stopped. The sliding 
stock has a long planed bearing on the front of the column, and is provided with 
packing boxes for oiling. The top guides are arranged to adjust vertically for saws 
of different lengths, and pivoted to regulate the amount of rake in the saw. Each 
machine is furnished with a rotaiy fan, a forked gauge, and a back support for 
narrow saws, a set of wrenches and six saws. For prices, see accompanying list. 



14 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



PLANING MACHINERY, 

FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



Traverse planing machines, or 'Daniels' planers/ as they are generally called, 
are the only planing machines now used in pattern shops ; and considering the char- 
acter of the planing and the limited extent to which machines are used except 
in planing planks or boards, it is safe to assume that the subject of planing has 
not received much attention from pattern makers and machinists. 

As a rule, the greater share of the planing now performed on travei'se planing 
machines in pattern shops, can be as well, and more cheaply done at lumber 
mills before the stuff is taken to the pattern shop. In fact, it often costs more 
to carry out the shavings and " clean up," than the planing would cost, to say 
nothing of the inconvenience and danger of fire from the accumulated shavings. 

Large machines while they are in many cases required in pattern shops, 
are entirely unsuited for what may be called jobbing, and the workmen prefer to 
do most of the planing by hand, rather than to adjust and start a large machine. 
The means of clamping the lumber and adjusting the feeding mechanism, of 
the ordinary traverse planing macliines, are not what is required for a great share 
of the work in pattern-making. 

A planing machine to be serviceable in a pattern shop, should be one that 
will plane large or small pieces with equal facility, one that can in an instant be 
changed to suit any piece that is to be planed. 

Power feeding mechanism is only in the way, and never required for jobbing ; 
even on large machines the workmen often use the hand feed in preference, when 
small pieces are to be planed The planing in a pattern shop, for which machines 
are especially required, is that which takes the place of hand-work done on the 
benches. As said before, the lumber can all be planed before it is taken to the 
pattern shop, and the want that is to be supplied is in relieving the workmen 
of the planing that has to be done after the stuff is cut out. 

Frequent requests for planing machines with hand feed for light work, has led 
to the preparation of the one illustrated on the opposite page, a machine that can- 
not fail to find favor with both workmen and proprietors of machine shops and 
iron works, where patterns are prepared. 

The simplicity of the machine, and its light weight compared to other planing 
machines, enables it to be furnished at a price that will add but little to the ex- 
pense of a set of pattern machines, and an experiment of a few months in its use 
will demonstrate the saving; that can be effected both in labor and time. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



15 




TRAVERSE PLANING MACHINE, 

FOR PATTERN SHOPS, 

The machine illustrated above, is constructed wholly of metal, including the 
carriage which is planed true, moves on anti-friction rollers, and is provided 
with end and side clamps that will hold pieces to 15 inches wide, 6 inches thick, 
and six or more feet in length, or as small as one-inch square. 

The clamps and all the adjustments are so arranged as to be instantly changed 
for pieces of various sizes. The feeding movement is performed by hand. 
This admils of a rapid manipulation of the machine, modifies the feed to 
suit the work, and allows the operator to feel the action of the cutters. The 
driving pulleys can be arranged so that the machine will stand either parallel 
with or transverse to the line shaft; a countershaft being required in the first 
case. The cutter-head is of wrought iron, the spiudle of steel, and the bearings 
of brass. 

The framing being open on the front, gives easy access to the cutters, and 
admits pieces of any width. 

The operator is protected by an iron shield in front of the cutters. 

Each machine is provided with either starting pulleys or a countershaft, 
pulleys, and hangers, also, a cutter-belt and two sets of cutters. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Speed of countershaft,' 
600 revolntions a minute. 



Size of the driving pulleys 
12 in. diam., i in. face. 



Weight of the Machine 
to plane 6 feet, 



16 



MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 




ROLLER FEEDING PLANING MACHINE. 



The machine shown above, although not what may be strictly called a pattern- 
maker's machine, is one that will be found useful in most establishments where 
there is much thin lumber to prepare, especially such as is used in making 
patterns for builders' castings. 

There is always more or less planing to be perforated on machines of this class, 
and when amount is irregular or small, a machine of this size will answer the 
purpose very well, saving the room and expense of a larger one. * The machine 
above will plane from | to 5 inches thick and 20 inches wide ; has a wrought 
iron cutting cylinder and wrought iron feeding rollers. The cylinder bearings 
are of brass, and the whole machine carefully fitted in all parts. 

A countershaft is furnished with each machine. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Speed of the countershaft, 
1000 revolutions a minute. 



Size of the driving pulleys, 
12 in. in diam., 4^ in. face. 



Weight of the Machine, 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 17 



PATTERN TURNING LATHES. 



Lathes for pattern turning require to be accurately fitted, and strong enougli 
for a heavier class of work than lathes for ordinary turning have to perform, and 
at the same time be adapted for the smallest pieces. The patterns to be turned may 
be from 10 to 20 feet long, and 12 to 20 inches in diameter, or may be 2 inches 
long and one-half inch in diameter, and it is evident that the most careful 
adaptation is required in any machine having such a range of duty. 

The continual shifting of the rests — the variation of length, and changing 
from 'pivot' to 'chuck' work if not provided for in the arrangement of a 
lathe causes great loss of time. Hence, iron frames are preferable, not only to 
keep the spindles in a true line, but to admit of a proper arrangement of the rests, 
and to avoid the bolts, wedges, and set screws that are required with a wood frame. 

Tlie bearings of such lathes should be made to receive the thrust of the 
spindle, otherwise the overhang face plate has to be removed and a thrust screw 
adjusted each time when the rear plate is used. 

In nearly all cases, and in all but the smallest shops, a great deal of time and 
cost is saved by an extra lathe for chuck work, a small inexpensive machine 
that occupies but little room, and is especially adapted for bosses, hubs, and core 
prints. 

Such a machine not only relieves the long pivot lathes from jobbing, but 
being so arranged that the operator stands in front of the work instead of at the 
side, the time saved in turning bosses, core prints and other chuck work, will 
soon pay for such a machine. 

Mr. Davis, master of machinery of the B. & O. Railway, to meet the 
requirements of liis own shops some year ago, introduced lathes of this class, and 
it seems strange that a machine so obviously needed has not been sooner produced. 

Bosses, prints, hubs and similiar pieces are wanted at irregular times, generally 
to meet some emergency, and are sure to be I'equired when there is a large piece 
in the pivot lathe, so that a small chuck lathe is sure to find employment that 
will justify the small cost at which they can be furnished. 

The dimensions and other particulars i-elating to face Lathes, will be found on 
another page. 

Tlic heads, rests and countershaft of the regular .shear Lathe, are furnished 
separate from the frame if wanted, so as to stand on a wooden frame ; the tool 
rests being in that case arranged in the usual manner. 

In sending orders for turning machinery, it is best to give information 
as to the general character of the work to be performed, this will often lead to 
little matters of adaptation that may greatly add to the efficiency and con- 
venience of the machines. 



18 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



LARGE FACE LATHES. 



In pattern making it is too often attempted to perform heavy turning on the 
overhang end of shear lathes. When there are but few large pieces to turn, 
and when the standard lathe can be spared for the purpose, large work may bo 
turned in this way by using a floor-stand to support the tool rests ; but in all 
cases where there are many large pieces to turn, such as driving wheel, pulley or 
gearing patterns, a special Lathe will pay for its cost, even if it is used but 
one week in a year. 

The rigidity and strength that are required in lathes of this class to insure 
accurate work, and safety to the turner, cannot be provided for in a common shear 
lathe, without rendering it clumsy and unfitted for ordinary pivot turning ; 
besides, large pieces generally have to remain for a long time on the lathe, 
sometimes for weeks, and the shear lathes cannot be spared in such cases. 

In many of the large engineering establishments it has been found necessary 
to construct lathes for turning large patterns, because such machines have 
not been made by those engaged in wood machinery manufacture, proving a 
want for regular lathes of sufficient capacity for large patterns. 

The Lathe illustrated on the opposite page, although of sufficient size to turn 
the largest pieces, is by careful arrangement made comparatively light in weighty 
and occupies but a small space on the floor. 

Pattern shops are generally on upper floors that are not strong enough to 
support heavy machines, besides the cutting operations in pattern-work are all 
light, a large face Lathe is required not because of the nature of the work so 
much as its size, that is, the cutting requires but little more power on a large 
piece than it does on a small one, but the work being done farther from the 
spindle and the rest supports, and the lathe heavy to start, provisions have 
to be made to suit these conditions. 

The Lathe shown in the engraving, although it swings 6 feet inside the rest 
is but little heavier, and costs but little more than the shear lathe already, 
described. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



19 




Scale, 



LARGE FACE LATHE, FOR PATTERN TURNING. 



This Lathe swings 6 feet inside the rests, and clear of the floor, or to any larger 
size by providing a pit to clear the work. 

The spindle is ^ inches in diameter, the bearings of brass. Has four speeds, 
ranging from 250 to 1500 revolutions a minute, or as may be determined by the 
driving pulley on the main shaft. 

The rests are supported on a bracket attached to the main frame, that is 
arranged to be swung out of the way for mounting large pieces. 

The main frame being cast in one piece, and the whole machine self-contained, 
no special foundation is required. The countershaft is placed in the main frame 
as shown in the engraving, or is furnished with hangers to go overhead 
when so ordered. 

Each Lathe is furnished with three face plates, two steel rests, the cone belt^ 
and wrenches. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



20 



MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 




PATTERN TURNING LATHE. 



A strong durable Lathe, with a rigid iron frame, provided with face plates 
at each end of the spindle ; turns to 28 inches in diameter over the frame, and to 
any length that may be ordered. The thrust is taken up in the bearings by a 
series of collars ; the spindle is of steel, 2^ inches in diameter, the bearings of brass. 

The stands and rests are fastened by a single screw, and can be instantly 
shifted and set in any position. No through bolts or wedges are employed for 
either the heads or rests. Each Lathe is furnished with three face plates, centres, 
three rests, one floor and two shear stands, a countershaft fitted with two pairs 
of tight and loose pulleys, so that the lathe can be driven to the right or left. 

When the Lathe heads are sold without the frame, the ordinary stands and 
rests are furnished with bolts to suit a frame 12 inches deep. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Weight of a Lathe with a 
frame 15 feet lona:. %s. 



Speed of the countershaft, 
500 revolutions a minute. 



Size of the driving pulleys, 
10 in. in diam., 3 in. face. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



21 




Scale, Jj,. 



PATTERN MAKERS' FACE LATHE. 



For turning hubs, bosses, core prints, and other face work to 16 inches in 
diameter, a strong compact machine occupying but two feet square upon the 
floor. The spindle is of steel with brass bearings; the cone pulleys of iron. 

Each machine is furnished with a stand and rests, two face plates, screw stud, 
a countershaft pulleys and hangers. The machine can stand on a floor of any 
kind, is well-made and durable, and will be found suited for one-half the 
turning required in ordinary machine pattern work; answering in the place of 
a large and expensive lathe, and performing the work in less time. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



Speed of countershaft, 
600 revolutions a minute. 



Size of driving pulleys Weight of tlie Macliine, 

8 in. diam., iy, in. face. 



22 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. 



GLUE HEATERS. 



Among the various devices for glue heating now in use, it may safely be 
claimed that except in cases where establishments have prepared their own, there 
are no glue-heaters that meet the requirements of pattern-shops. 

Glue heaters for some reasons belong to steam-fitting manufacture; but from 
the rough and careless use that they usually undergo, they require to be made 
more like machines than like ordinary heating apparatus. 

Of the importance of a good glue-heater in a pattern-shop, nothing need be 
said ; all know its value as a matter of convenience and the loss of time that 
arises from waiting for glue, wlwn there is no means of keeping it hot, and the 
still greater loss that comes froai using glue that is not hot. 

Glue may be used in many kinds of wood-work when it is not in good condi- 
tion ; but, in pattern-making, should be of good quality, well boiled and hot. 
The warm damp of sand moulds opens the joints of patterns like immersing 
them in warm water, and a little precaution in proper gluing and protecting the 
joints with varnish will save a pattern for a long time, that would otherwise be 
lost in making a few pieces. 

The waste or overflow from heaters should not depend upon delicate steam traps, 
that are sure to be deranged for a part of the time ; the best plan is to employ a plain 
stop valve for drawing off the water, when the temperature indicates that the steam 
chamber is filled. Joints of whatever character should be avoided. A dry glue heat- 
er is rarely met with, and then is no security in this matter except in avoiding 
joints. This will be found a characteristic of the heater illustrated on the oppo- 
site page which has but one joint, and that a plain flange that may be packed so 
as to be perfectly secure. 

The advertisers had their attention called to the subject of glue-heaters in 
attempting to procure one for their own shops, and after an experience of 
three years with leaky boxes, have concluded to begin the manufacture of the 
one illustrated. The M'alls of the steam-chamber are double, so that the pots do not 
come in contact with the water, in fact the water is totally inaccessible, except as 
drawn off through the stop-cock seen in the front. The heaters are all tested at 
a pressure of 60 pounds per inch, with hot steam to insure that there are no 
leaks. The castings however are capable of withstanding several times this 
pressure. 



ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 



23 




STEAM GLUE HEATER, 

FOR PATTERN SHOPS. 



This heater, is so constructed that the pots are immersed in water. The walls 
are double throughout, and the casting in one piece, so that no leakage is 
possible. 

The glue pots, three in number, rest on turned flanges that are air-tight to 
prevent the escape of heat. The centre pot holds one gallon, and the two at 
the ends one-third gallons each. 

Each heater is provided with a water-pot and two glue brushes, also with 
steam and waste cocks, attached by nipples to tlie steam chamber, so that the 
connecting pipes may pass down through the base as shown in the engraving, or 
in any direction from tlie heater. 

The heater is strong, compact, convenient, and cannot fail to give satisfaction 
in every case. 

If ordered, one of Wilson's Steam Traps is attached to carry off the waste water ; 
this is one of the best and most simple escape traps that has been invented, 
and in some eases may save trouble in clearing the heater of water. 

For prices, see accompanying list. 



'SW^^^i 



PAGE. 

INTRODUCTORY 3 

TO PURCHASERS 4' 

PATTERNS FOR CASTINGS 5 

SLITTING SAW BENCHES 7 

JOBBING SAWS FOR PATTERN WORK 8 

BLOCKING AND CROPPING MACHINE 9 

BAND SAWS IN PATTERN MAKING 10 

BAND SAW MACHINE FOR PATTERN SHOPS 11 

JIG SAWS IN PATTERN MAKING 12 

PATTERN MAKERS' JIG SAW 13 

PLANING MACHINERY FOR PATTERN WORK 14 

TRANSVERSE PLANING MACHINE 15 

ROLLER FEEDING PLANING MACHINE 16 

TURNING LATHES FOR PATTERN WORK 17 

LARGE FACE LATHES 18 

SHEAR LATHE 20 

SMALL FACE LATHE 21 

GLUE HEATERS FOR PATTERN SHOPS 22, 23 



November, iSyj. 



OF 

FATTERXT MAKERS' 

(^MACHINERY. 



^^PHILADELPHIA. 



Tlie prices given are subjected to change by the improvement or modification 
of tlie machines, and because of a considerable change in the cost of labor and 
material. The prices are, however, as likely to be diminished as increased. 

RICHARDS, LONDON & KELLEY. 



1^ 



PATTERN-MAKING 




MANUFACTURED BY 



ATLANTIC WORKS, 

Philadelphia, 

e©N§THIfe.T01S OF SFlCIikL &MQ, STANIASB MACHMIBY F®! 
H^ILW^Y ^AM SM0FS. 10€K Y<111S Al® ©1111J.I. M0Q® 
MilM^FACTlll. ALSO, IJIID S^WIiM© MJ.- 
OHIMEIY m MM, KlIiDS, 

COPYRIGHTED. 



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